204 lines
6.5 KiB
Python
204 lines
6.5 KiB
Python
import re
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from validity_check import check_atom
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def parse_atom(atom):
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"""
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将化学式中的原子转化为字典
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:param atom: 原子的字符串表示
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:return: 原子的字典表示，{'元素名称': 元素个数}
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"""
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if len(atom) == 1:
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check_atom(atom)
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return {atom: 1}
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elif len(atom) == 2:
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if atom[1].isdigit():
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check_atom(atom[0])
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return {atom[0]: int(atom[1])}
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else:
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check_atom(atom)
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return {atom: 1}
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else:
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check_atom(atom[:-1])
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return {atom[:-1]: int(atom[-1])}
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def combine_same_atom(parsed_molecule):
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"""
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合并同类原子，类型不变，数量相加
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:param parsed_molecule: 化学式的字典表示
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:return: 合并完成后化学式的字典表示
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"""
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atoms = parsed_molecule['atoms']
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new_atoms = []
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for atom in atoms:
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for new_atom in new_atoms:
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if list(atom.keys())[0] == list(new_atom.keys())[0]:
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new_atom[list(atom.keys())[0]] += atom[list(atom.keys())[0]]
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break
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else:
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new_atoms.append(atom)
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return {
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'atoms': new_atoms,
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'coefficient': parsed_molecule['coefficient'],
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'pretty_name': parsed_molecule['pretty_name']
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}
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def parse_atomic_clusters(atomic_clusters):
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"""
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将原子团转化为字典
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:param atomic_clusters: 经过parse_molecule处理后的原子团
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如(ClO)2->['(', 'Cl', 'O', ')', '2']
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:return: 原子团的字典表示
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"""
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# 去除首括号
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atomic_clusters = atomic_clusters[1:]
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# 去除尾括号，解析尾括号后的数值作为原子团系数
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if atomic_clusters[-1].isdigit():
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coefficient = int(atomic_clusters[-1])
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atomic_clusters = atomic_clusters[:-2]
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elif atomic_clusters[-1] == ')':
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coefficient = 1
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else:
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raise ValueError('无效的原子团系数')
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# 解析原子团
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atoms = []
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for i in range(len(atomic_clusters)):
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if atomic_clusters[i].isdigit():
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while atomic_clusters[i - 1] == '':
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i -= 1
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if i == 0:
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raise ValueError('系数错误')
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atomic_clusters[i - 1] += atomic_clusters[i]
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atomic_clusters[i] = ''
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atomic_clusters = [atom for atom in atomic_clusters if atom != '']
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for atom in atomic_clusters:
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atoms.append(parse_atom(atom))
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return {
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'atoms': atoms,
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'coefficient': coefficient,
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'pretty_name': ''.join(atomic_clusters)
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}
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def parse_molecule(molecule):
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"""
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将化学式转化为字典，以大小写区分不同元素（元素的第一个字母大写）
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注意一个化学式中可能包含多个元素
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应当得到一个字典：
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{
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'atoms': [ {'元素名称': 元素个数}, {'元素名称': 元素个数}, ... ],
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'coefficient': 系数,
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'pretty_name': 化学式的字符串表示
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}
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:param molecule: 化学式
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:return: 化学式的字典表示
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"""
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if molecule[0].isdigit():
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coefficient = int(molecule[0])
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pretty_name = molecule = molecule[1:]
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else:
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coefficient = 1
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pretty_name = molecule
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# 以大写字母和括号为分隔符，分割化学式
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molecule = re.split('([A-Z][a-z]*|\(|\))', molecule)
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molecule = [i for i in molecule if i != '']
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# 将原子团提取出来单独处理
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atomic_clusters = []
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for i in range(len(molecule)):
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if molecule[i] == '(':
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j = i + 1
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# 当molecule内不包含右括号
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while ')' not in molecule[j]:
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j += 1
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if j == len(molecule):
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raise ValueError('括号不匹配')
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for k in range(i, j + 1):
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atomic_clusters.append(molecule[k])
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if j + 1 < len(molecule) and molecule[j + 1].isdigit():
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atomic_clusters.append(molecule[j + 1])
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molecule[j + 1] = ''
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for k in range(i, j + 1):
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molecule[k] = ''
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# 如果出现单个数字，说明该数字是系数，将其追加到上一个原子/原子团（非空字符串）的后面
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if molecule[i].isdigit():
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while molecule[i - 1] == '':
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i -= 1
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if i == 0:
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raise ValueError('系数错误')
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molecule[i - 1] += molecule[i]
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molecule[i] = ''
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molecule = [i for i in molecule if i != '']
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atoms = []
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for i in molecule:
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atoms.append(parse_atom(i))
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# 解析原子团
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if len(atomic_clusters) != 0:
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parsed_atomic_clusters = parse_atomic_clusters(atomic_clusters)
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for each in parsed_atomic_clusters['atoms']:
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quantity = each[list(each.keys())[0]] * parsed_atomic_clusters['coefficient']
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each[list(each.keys())[0]] = quantity
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atoms.append(each)
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parsed_atom = {
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'atoms': atoms,
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'coefficient': coefficient,
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'pretty_name': pretty_name
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}
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return combine_same_atom(parsed_atom)
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def parse_equation(eq):
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"""
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将化学方程式转化为字典
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:param eq: 化学方程式
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:return: 化学方程式的字典表示
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"""
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equation = eq.replace(' ', '')
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equation = equation.replace('->', '=')
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equation = equation.replace('=', '=>')
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equation = equation.split('=>')
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if len(equation) != 2:
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raise ValueError('化学方程式错误')
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left = equation[0]
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right = equation[1]
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left = left.split('+')
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right = right.split('+')
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left = [parse_molecule(molecule) for molecule in left]
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right = [parse_molecule(molecule) for molecule in right]
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return {
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'left': left,
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'right': right
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}
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def format_molecule(molecule):
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"""
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化学式的字典表示转化为字符串
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:param molecule: 化学式的字典表示
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:return: None
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"""
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if molecule['coefficient'] != 1:
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return str(molecule['coefficient']) + molecule['pretty_name']
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else:
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return molecule['pretty_name']
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def format_equation(eq):
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"""
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将化学方程式的字典表示转化为字符串，需要包含系数
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:param eq: 化学方程式的字典表示
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:return: 化学方程式的字符串表示
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"""
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left = eq['left']
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right = eq['right']
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left = [format_molecule(molecule) for molecule in left]
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right = [format_molecule(molecule) for molecule in right]
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return ' + '.join(left) + ' => ' + ' + '.join(right)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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eq = input('测试parser：请输入分子式：')
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parsed_eq = parse_molecule(eq)
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print('解析结果：', parsed_eq)
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