diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 09c31c41..2567d227 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -10,14 +10,21 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         msystem: [MINGW32, MINGW64, UCRT64, CLANG64]
         include:
+          - isUcrt: false
           - msystem: MINGW32
             packagePrefix: mingw-w64-i686
+            _7zPackagePrefix: mingw-w64-x86_64
           - msystem: MINGW64
             packagePrefix: mingw-w64-x86_64
+            _7zPackagePrefix: mingw-w64-x86_64
           - msystem: UCRT64
+            isUcrt: true
             packagePrefix: mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64
+            _7zPackagePrefix: mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64
           - msystem: CLANG64
+            isUcrt: true
             packagePrefix: mingw-w64-clang-x86_64
+            _7zPackagePrefix: mingw-w64-clang-x86_64
     runs-on: windows-latest
     defaults:
       run:
@@ -33,21 +40,33 @@ jobs:
         with:
           msystem: ${{ matrix.msystem }}
           update: true
-          install: ${{ matrix.packagePrefix }}-toolchain ${{ matrix.packagePrefix }}-qt5-static
+          install: |
+            ${{ matrix.packagePrefix }}-cc
+            ${{ matrix.packagePrefix }}-make
+            ${{ matrix.packagePrefix }}-qt5-static
+            ${{ matrix.packagePrefix }}-cmake
+            mingw-w64-i686-nsis
+            ${{ matrix._7zPackagePrefix }}-7zip
+            git
+
+      - name: Download MinGW toolchain
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p assets
+          curl -L https://github.com/redpanda-cpp/toolchain-win32-mingw-xp/releases/download/11.4.0-r0/mingw32-11.4.0-r0.7z -o assets/mingw32.7z
+          curl -L https://github.com/redpanda-cpp/toolchain-win32-mingw-xp/releases/download/11.4.0-r0/mingw64-11.4.0-r0.7z -o assets/mingw64.7z
 
       - name: Build
         run: |
-          mkdir build && pushd build
-          $MSYSTEM_PREFIX/qt5-static/bin/qmake PREFIX=$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/pkg $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/Red_Panda_CPP.pro
-          mingw32-make -j$(nproc)
-          mingw32-make install
-          popd
+          ./packages/msys/build-mingw.sh \
+            $( [[ ${{ matrix.isUcrt }} -eq 1 ]] && echo --ucrt 22621 )
+          ./packages/msys/build-mingw.sh --mingw \
+            $( [[ ${{ matrix.isUcrt }} -eq 1 ]] && echo --ucrt 22621 )
 
       - name: Upload
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: Windows MSYS2 - msystem=${{ matrix.msystem }}
-          path: pkg/
+          path: dist/
 
   windows_legacy:
     name: Windows NT 5.x
diff --git a/BUILD.md b/BUILD.md
index 7f3b155b..61e373be 100644
--- a/BUILD.md
+++ b/BUILD.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ See also [more build instructions for Windows](./docs/detailed-build-win.md).
 
 ## MSYS2 Qt Library with MinGW Toolchain (Recommended)
 
-Red Panda C++ should work with any MinGW toolchain from MSYS2, including GCCs and Clangs in three GNU-based environments (MINGW32, MINGW64 and UCRT64), and Clangs in three LLVM-based environments (CLANG32, CLANG64 and CLANGARM64; see also [MSYS2’s document](https://www.msys2.org/docs/environments/)), while the following toolchains are frequently tested:
+Red Panda C++ should work with any MinGW toolchain from MSYS2, including GCCs and Clangs in three GNU-based environments (MINGW32, MINGW64 and UCRT64), and Clangs in 64-bit LLVM-based environments (CLANG64 and CLANGARM64; see also [MSYS2’s document](https://www.msys2.org/docs/environments/)), while the following toolchains are frequently tested:
 - MINGW32 GCC,
 - MINGW64 GCC,
 - UCRT64 GCC (recommended for x64)
@@ -47,13 +47,21 @@ Prerequisites:
 
 0. Windows 10 x64 or later, or Windows 11 ARM64.
 1. Install MSYS2.
-2. In selected environment, install toolchain, Qt 5 library, and required utils:
+2. In selected environment, install toolchain, Qt 5 library, and required utils. For 64-bit:
    ```bash
    pacman -S \
-     $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-{toolchain,qt5-static,7zip,cmake} \
+     $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-{cc,make,qt5-static,7zip,cmake} \
      mingw-w64-i686-nsis \
      git curl
    ```
+   And for 32-bit:
+   ```bash
+   pacman -S \
+     $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-{cc,make,qt5-static,cmake} \
+     mingw-w64-i686-nsis \
+     mingw-w64-x86_64-7zip \
+     git curl
+   ```
 
 To build, launch selected MSYS2 environment, run:
 ```bash
diff --git a/BUILD_cn.md b/BUILD_cn.md
index 7f74e53e..25fb6ef3 100644
--- a/BUILD_cn.md
+++ b/BUILD_cn.md
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 
 ## MSYS2 的 Qt 库 + MinGW 工具链（推荐）
 
-小熊猫C++ 应该能在 MSYS2 的 MinGW 工具链上构建，包括 3 个基于 GNU 的环境（MINGW32、MINGW64、UCRT64）中的 GCC 和 Clang，以及 3 个基于 LLVM 的环境（CLANG32、CLANG64、CLANGARM64）中的 Clang，关于环境的详情可参考 [MSYS2 的文档](https://www.msys2.org/docs/environments/)。以下几个工具链测试较充分：
+小熊猫C++ 应该能在 MSYS2 的 MinGW 工具链上构建，包括 3 个基于 GNU 的环境（MINGW32、MINGW64、UCRT64）中的 GCC 和 Clang，以及基于 LLVM 的 64 位环境（CLANG64、CLANGARM64）中的 Clang，关于环境的详情可参考 [MSYS2 的文档](https://www.msys2.org/docs/environments/)。以下几个工具链测试较充分：
 - MINGW32 GCC，
 - MINGW64 GCC，
 - UCRT64 GCC（x64 推荐），
@@ -47,13 +47,21 @@
 
 0. Windows 10 x64 或更高版本，或 Windows 11 ARM64。
 1. 安装 MSYS2。
-2. 在所选环境中安装工具链、Qt 5 库、其他所需工具：
+2. 在所选环境中安装工具链、Qt 5 库、其他所需工具，64 位：
    ```bash
    pacman -S \
-     $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-{toolchain,qt5-static,7zip,cmake} \
+     $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-{cc,make,qt5-static,7zip,cmake} \
      mingw-w64-i686-nsis \
      git curl
    ```
+   32 位：
+   ```bash
+   pacman -S \
+     $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-{cc,make,qt5-static,cmake} \
+     mingw-w64-i686-nsis \
+     mingw-w64-x86_64-7zip \
+     git curl
+   ```
 
 要构建此项目，启动所选的 MSYS2 环境，然后运行
 ```bash
diff --git a/packages/msys/build-llvm.sh b/packages/msys/build-llvm.sh
index dfbb751c..8ae656fd 100644
--- a/packages/msys/build-llvm.sh
+++ b/packages/msys/build-llvm.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Usage:
 Options:
   -h, --help               Display this information.
   -m, --msystem <MSYSTEM>  Switch to other MSYS2 environment.
-                           (MINGW32, MINGW64, UCRT64, CLANG32, CLANG64, CLANGARM64)
+                           (MINGW32, MINGW64, UCRT64, CLANG64, CLANGARM64)
                            MUST be used before other options.
   -c, --clean              Clean build and package directories.
   -nd, --no-deps           Skip dependency check.
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ if [[ $# -gt 1 && ($1 == "-m" || $1 == "--msystem") ]]; then
   msystem=$2
   shift 2
   case "${msystem}" in
-    MINGW32|MINGW64|UCRT64|CLANG32|CLANG64|CLANGARM64)
+    MINGW32|MINGW64|UCRT64|CLANG64|CLANGARM64)
       export MSYSTEM="${msystem}"
       exec /bin/bash --login "$0" "$@"
       ;;
@@ -41,7 +41,10 @@ if [[ $# -gt 1 && ($1 == "-m" || $1 == "--msystem") ]]; then
 fi
 
 case $MSYSTEM in
-  MINGW32|CLANG32)
+  MINGW32)
+    # there is no UCRT32
+    # CLANG32 qt5-static removed since 5.15.15
+    # https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/commit/ab062c6e5d6e9fff86ee8f88c1d8e9601ea9ab5b
     _NATIVE_ARCH=i686
     _DISPLAY_ARCH=x86
     ;;
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@ case $MSYSTEM in
     ;;
   *)
     echo "This script must be run from one of following MSYS2 shells:"
-    echo "  - MINGW32/CLANG32"
+    echo "  - MINGW32"
     echo "  - MINGW64/UCRT64/CLANG64"
     echo "  - CLANGARM64"
     exit 1
@@ -113,16 +116,9 @@ done
 function check-deps() {
   # MSYS2’s `pacman -Q` is 100x slower than Arch Linux. Allow skipping the check.
   [[ $_SKIP_DEPS_CHECK -eq 1 ]] && return
-  case $MSYSTEM in
-    MINGW32|MINGW64|UCRT64)
-      local compiler=gcc
-      ;;
-    CLANG32|CLANG64|CLANGARM64)
-      local compiler=clang
-      ;;
-  esac
   local deps=(
-    $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-{$compiler,make,qt5-static}
+    $MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX-{cc,make,qt5-static}
+    # always use x86 NSIS to display error message of mismatched architecture
     mingw-w64-i686-nsis
     git
   )
diff --git a/packages/msys/build-mingw.sh b/packages/msys/build-mingw.sh
index 380f6e59..5a5291d8 100644
--- a/packages/msys/build-mingw.sh
+++ b/packages/msys/build-mingw.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ function fn_print_help() {
  Options:
    -h, --help               Display this information.
    -m, --msystem <MSYSTEM>  Switch to other MSYS2 environment.
-                            (MINGW32, MINGW64, UCRT64, CLANG32, CLANG64, CLANGARM64)
+                            (MINGW32, MINGW64, UCRT64, CLANG64, CLANGARM64)
                             MUST be used before other options.
    -c, --clean              Clean build and package directories.
    --mingw                  Alias for --mingw32 (x86 app) or --mingw64 (x64 app).
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ if [[ $# -gt 1 && ($1 == "-m" || $1 == "--msystem") ]]; then
   msystem=$2
   shift 2
   case "${msystem}" in
-    MINGW32|MINGW64|UCRT64|CLANG32|CLANG64|CLANGARM64)
+    MINGW32|MINGW64|UCRT64|CLANG64|CLANGARM64)
       export MSYSTEM="${msystem}"
       exec /bin/bash --login "$0" "$@"
       ;;
@@ -45,7 +45,10 @@ if [[ $# -gt 1 && ($1 == "-m" || $1 == "--msystem") ]]; then
 fi
 
 case "${MSYSTEM}" in
-  MINGW32|CLANG32)  # there is no UCRT32
+  MINGW32)
+    # there is no UCRT32
+    # CLANG32 qt5-static removed since 5.15.15
+    # https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/commit/ab062c6e5d6e9fff86ee8f88c1d8e9601ea9ab5b
     NSIS_ARCH=x86
     PACKAGE_BASENAME="RedPanda.C++.${APP_VERSION}.win32"
     ;;
@@ -59,7 +62,7 @@ case "${MSYSTEM}" in
     ;;
   *)
     echo "This script must be run in one of the following MSYS2 shells:"
-    echo "  - MINGW32 / CLANG32"
+    echo "  - MINGW32"
     echo "  - MINGW64 / UCRT64 / CLANG64"
     echo "  - CLANGARM64"
     exit 1
@@ -113,7 +116,7 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
       ;;
     --ucrt)
       case "${MSYSTEM}" in
-        CLANG32|UCRT64|CLANG64)
+        UCRT64|CLANG64)
           UCRT="$2"
           shift 2
           ;;
@@ -151,6 +154,19 @@ SOURCE_DIR="$(pwd)"
 ASSETS_DIR="${SOURCE_DIR}/assets"
 UCRT_DIR="/c/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Redist/10.0.${UCRT}.0/ucrt/DLLs/${NSIS_ARCH}"
 
+case "${MSYSTEM}" in
+  MINGW32)
+    # 32-bit 7zip removed since 24.05
+    # https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/commit/de4ea25ca787035cbed50a158bdc200a3776254b
+    _7Z="/mingw64/bin/7z"
+    _7Z_PACKAGE_PREFIX="mingw-w64-x86_64"
+    ;;
+  MINGW64|UCRT64|CLANG64|CLANGARM64)
+    _7Z="7z"
+    _7Z_PACKAGE_PREFIX="${MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX}"
+    ;;
+esac
+
 MINGW32_FOLDER="mingw32"
 MINGW32_ARCHIVE="mingw32.7z"
 MINGW32_COMPILER_NAME="MinGW-w64 i686 GCC 11.2"
@@ -175,19 +191,14 @@ function fn_print_progress() {
 ## check deps
 
 if [[ ${CHECK_DEPS} -eq 1 ]]; then
-  case "${MSYSTEM}" in
-    MINGW32|MINGW64|UCRT64)
-      compiler=gcc
-      ;;
-    CLANG32|CLANG64|CLANGARM64)
-      compiler=clang
-      ;;
-  esac
   deps=(
-    ${MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX}-{$compiler,make,qt5-static,7zip,cmake}
+    ${MINGW_PACKAGE_PREFIX}-{cc,make,qt5-static,cmake}
+    # always use x86 NSIS to display error message of mismatched architecture
     mingw-w64-i686-nsis
+    ${_7Z_PACKAGE_PREFIX}-7zip
     git
   )
+
   for dep in ${deps[@]}; do
     pacman -Q ${dep} &>/dev/null || {
       echo "Missing dependency: ${dep}"
@@ -286,14 +297,14 @@ nsis_flags=(
 if [[ ${COMPILER_MINGW32} -eq 1 ]]; then
   nsis_flags+=(-DHAVE_MINGW32)
   if [[ ! -d "mingw32" ]]; then
-	[[ -f "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW32_ARCHIVE}" ]] && 7z x "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW32_ARCHIVE}" -o"${PACKAGE_DIR}"
+	[[ -f "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW32_ARCHIVE}" ]] && "${_7Z}" x "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW32_ARCHIVE}" -o"${PACKAGE_DIR}"
 	[[ -d "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW32_FOLDER}" ]] && cp -a --dereference "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW32_FOLDER}" "${PACKAGE_DIR}"
   fi 
 fi
 if [[ ${COMPILER_MINGW64} -eq 1 ]]; then
   nsis_flags+=(-DHAVE_MINGW64)
   if [[ ! -d "mingw64" ]]; then  
-	[[ -f "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW64_ARCHIVE}" ]] && 7z x "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW64_ARCHIVE}" -o"${PACKAGE_DIR}"
+	[[ -f "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW64_ARCHIVE}" ]] && "${_7Z}" x "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW64_ARCHIVE}" -o"${PACKAGE_DIR}"
 	[[ -d "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW64_FOLDER}" ]] && cp -a --dereference "${SOURCE_DIR}/assets/${MINGW64_FOLDER}" "${PACKAGE_DIR}"
   fi
 fi
@@ -307,8 +318,8 @@ fi
 "${NSIS}" "${nsis_flags[@]}" redpanda.nsi
 
 fn_print_progress "Making Portable Package..."
-7z x "${SETUP_NAME}" -o"RedPanda-CPP" -xr'!$PLUGINSDIR' -x"!uninstall.exe"
-7z a -mmt -mx9 -ms=on -mqs=on -mf=BCJ2 "${PORTABLE_NAME}" "RedPanda-CPP"
+"${_7Z}" x "${SETUP_NAME}" -o"RedPanda-CPP" -xr'!$PLUGINSDIR' -x"!uninstall.exe"
+"${_7Z}" a -mmt -mx9 -ms=on -mqs=on -mf=BCJ2 "${PORTABLE_NAME}" "RedPanda-CPP"
 rm -rf "RedPanda-CPP"
 
 mv "${SETUP_NAME}" "${TARGET_DIR}"